Experiencing chronic constipation is not only uncomfortable, but it can also lead to serious health consequences, including an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Research from the University of Newcastle in England has shown that prolonged constipation boosts cancer risk by a factor of 1.78 and more than doubles the occurrence of benign neoplasms (non-cancerous growths).
The Consequences of Chronic Constipation
Chronic constipation is a common problem faced by millions of people worldwide. While it’s typically considered a relatively benign disease, the potential risk that it poses to your overall health is not something to be taken lightly. The potential consequences of long-term constipation include hemorrhoids, anal fissures, fecal impaction, and rectal prolapse. In addition to these uncomfortable and often painful conditions, an increased risk of colorectal cancer should give you even more reason to take action and address the root causes of your constipation.
Understanding Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. It begins when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the colon or rectum. Since this type of cancer often doesn’t cause symptoms until the later stages, it’s crucial to get regular screenings and be aware of your own risk factors.
Dr. Nicholas Talley, the researcher behind the University of Newcastle study, emphasizes the importance of monitoring and treating chronic constipation to reduce the risk of cancer. “Although chronic constipation is considered a relatively benign disease, practitioners should be aware of this potential association to monitor and treat accordingly. We encourage anyone with questions related to their condition to talk to their health care professional.”
Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Constipation
The good news is that there are several steps you can take to prevent and treat chronic constipation and reduce your risk of developing colorectal cancer. Here are some strategies to help relieve constipation and promote regular bowel movements:
1. Increase Fiber Intake
Dietary fiber is an essential component of a healthy, well-balanced diet. It adds bulk to your stool, making it easier to pass through your digestive system. Aim for at least 25-30 grams of fiber per day through whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. The American Heart Association has a helpful guide on how to get more fiber in your diet.
2. Stay Hydrated
Dehydration can contribute to constipation by making your stool hard and difficult to pass. Make sure you’re drinking enough water throughout the day—about 8 cups (64 ounces) for most adults. You may need more if you’re physically active or live in a hot climate.
3. Increase Physical Activity
Exercise helps keep your digestive system working smoothly and can help prevent constipation. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity like walking, swimming, or biking most days of the week.
4. Establish a Routine
Establishing regular bowel movements can help prevent constipation by training your body to have a predictable schedule. Set aside time each day, preferably after a meal, to sit on the toilet and try to have a bowel movement — even if you don’t feel the urge.
5. Don’t Ignore the Urge
When you feel the need to have a bowel movement, don’t delay. Holding it in can lead to constipation and other complications.
6. Consider Over-the-Counter Remedies
If you’re still having trouble with constipation, you may want to try over-the-counter remedies like fiber supplements or stool softeners. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about which options are best for you, and be sure to follow the instructions for use carefully.
7. Consult Your Healthcare Professional
If your constipation doesn’t improve after trying these strategies, or if you’re experiencing severe pain, bleeding, or other concerning symptoms, consult your healthcare professional. They can help identify the underlying cause, rule out other possible health complications, and recommend appropriate treatments.
The Bottom Line
Chronic constipation is more than just an inconvenience. It can lead to a significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer, as well as a range of other health problems. By making some lifestyle changes, addressing underlying issues, and working closely with your healthcare professional, you can manage your constipation, reduce your risk of cancer, and improve your overall quality of life.
