Food allergies often make the headlines, but there’s a far greater allergy risk that you might not be aware of – prescription medications. Surprisingly, these often life-saving drugs are the leading cause of allergy-related sudden death in the United States. Furthermore, the frequency of these deaths is increasing, leaving both senior citizens and African-Americans particularly vulnerable.
Anaphylaxis and Sudden Death
When an allergic reaction leads to sudden death, it’s known as anaphylaxis. This fatal event can happen in mere seconds or minutes following exposure to an allergen. Researchers at the Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine analyzed information from death certificates issued between 1999 and 2010 to gain a better understanding of anaphylaxis-related fatalities in the United States.
Dr. Elina Jerschow, Director of the Drug Allergy Center, Allergy and Immunology Division of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, points out that the goal of this research is to identify specific risk factors, which will allow physicians to develop preventative approaches. In total, allergies to medications were found to be the most common cause of anaphylaxis death, accounting for 58.8 percent of these abrupt fatalities. The other primary causes were reactions to venom (15.2%) and food (6.7%). In 19.3% of cases, the cause of anaphylaxis was not identified.
The Medications Responsible for Deaths
Between 1999 and 2010, there were 1,446 deaths from medications according to data from death certificates. In 74% of the cases, the problematic drug was not identified. For the instances where a drug was identified, antibiotics were the most frequently named, followed by contrast chemicals administered to patients for diagnostic imaging procedures and chemotherapy used to treat cancer.
Dr. Jerschow stresses the importance of better understanding anaphylaxis deaths, stating that “anaphylaxis has been dubbed ‘the latest allergy epidemic.’ The U.S. and Australia have some of the highest rates of severe anaphylaxis among developed countries. We hope these results bring increased awareness of the need for a better understanding of anaphylaxis deaths.”
Possible Prevention Strategies
While these statistics are distressing, there are actions both medical professionals and individuals can take to help reduce the risk of anaphylaxis. The following methods could help in preventing allergy-related deaths:
- Consult with your doctor about your allergies: You should inform your healthcare provider about any known allergens or adverse reactions you’ve had to medications in the past. This will enable them to prescribe the most appropriate drugs for you.
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Ask about alternatives: If the standard treatment for your health condition is an antibiotic, a class of drugs commonly associated with allergic reactions, inquire whether any alternatives might work for your specific case.
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Adopt a cautious approach to new medications: When trying out a new medication, particularly one that comes with a known risk of anaphylaxis, it’s essential to start with a lower dosage and slowly increase it, if needed. This will allow you to monitor for any potential adverse reactions in a safer, more controlled manner.
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Carry an epinephrine auto-injector: For those with a known risk of anaphylaxis, carrying an epinephrine auto-injector can be a lifesaver. Familiarize yourself with the correct usage and make sure it’s always with you.
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Educate your family and friends about your allergies: Informing those closest to you about your allergies and how to react in case of an emergency can help increase the chances of a better outcome if a serious reaction does occur.
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Understand the risks: While the statistics may seem alarming, it’s crucial to put them into perspective. It’s essential to have an awareness of the risks and to be proactive about preventing anaphylaxis; however, it’s also important not to let fear dictate your life.
By being informed and taking preventive measures, you can minimize the potential risks associated with prescription medication allergies, helping to ensure that your health treatment plans deliver the benefits intended without putting your life in danger.
