Flame retardants have long been vilified by many scientists due to the potential health risks they may pose. These chemicals, most commonly added to furniture and clothing, have increasingly been linked to various illnesses, including thyroid issues and other endocrine-related disorders. While the use and production of specific flame retardants have faced restrictions in the European Union and North America, the poisons appear to remain an issue in terms of environmental damage.
A team of researchers from the Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs discovered that the chemicals used in flame retardants can be found in environmental pollutants worldwide. This includes remote locations such as Indonesia, Nepal, and Tasmania.
According to Amina Salamova, one of the researchers in this study, the findings emphasize the fact that “flame retardants are ubiquitous pollutants and are found all around the world, not only in biota and humans but also in plants.”
The presence of large concentrations of flame retardants in tree bark and the atmosphere was uncovered in prior studies, particularly in cities like Chicago and Cleveland within the Great Lakes region. Additional research from China also showed similar results. Interestingly, even higher concentrations were detected in southern Arkansas and near Niagara Falls, N.Y., which are close to manufacturing facility sites.
The Dangers of Flame Retardants
Several health risks have been associated with flame retardants, and it is crucial to be aware of what they are. Some of the most frequently reported health concerns include:
1. Endocrine Disruption: Exposure to flame retardants may interfere with the proper function of your hormonal system, leading to conditions such as thyroid dysfunction. This is particularly concerning, as thyroid issues can contribute to the development of other health issues, such as heart conditions and obesity.
2. Negative Effects on Children’s Development: As endocrine disruptors, flame retardants can impact developmental processes in children, potentially leading to learning, memory, and behavioral problems.
3. Cancer: Prolonged exposure to some flame retardants has been linked to an increased risk of cancer, particularly in firefighters. Moreover, the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified one group of flame retardants, known as halogenated flame retardants, as possibly carcinogenic to humans.
4. Reproductive Issues: Evidence shows that a variety of flame retardants may cause reproductive problems in both humans and animals. Studies on rodents have found that some flame retardants can lead to decreased fertility, disrupted hormonal balance, and abnormal estrous cycles.
Reducing Your Exposure to Flame Retardants
Thankfully, there are steps you can take to minimize your exposure to these potentially damaging chemicals:
1. Check Labeling: When purchasing products like electronics, furniture, or clothing items, look for labels that indicate they are free from harmful flame retardants. Familiarize yourself with chemical names to avoid – some common ones include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs).
2. Opt for Naturally Fire-resistant Materials: When looking for furniture or clothing items, prioritize those made from naturally fire-resistant materials, such as wool or leather.
3. Wash Your Hands Frequently: Flame retardants can often be found in household dust. Regular handwashing, especially before eating or preparing food, can help minimize ingestion of any particles carrying these harmful chemicals.
4. Protect Yourself at Work: Individuals who work in industries with a higher likelihood of coming into contact with flame retardants (e.g., firefighters, electronic waste workers) should take extra precautions to reduce exposure. This can include wearing protective gear and ensuring that workspaces are regularly cleaned to remove dust and other particles containing these hazardous chemicals.
5. Keep Your Home Clean: As mentioned, flame retardants commonly thrive in household dust, so regular and thorough cleaning can help reduce your exposure. Vacuum your home frequently, ideally using a vacuum with a HEPA filter, and regularly wipe surfaces, such as furniture and electronics, with a damp cloth.
The potential negative impacts of flame retardants are not to be taken lightly. While they have become pervasive in our environment, steps can still be taken to minimize your contact with these toxic chemicals and protect your health. It is crucial to remain informed and take a proactive approach to safeguard yourself and your family.
