Almost everyone experiences a sore throat or a mouth sore at some point in their life. Most of the time, these symptoms are harmless, but in some cases, they could indicate a deadly cancer. Oropharyngeal cancers, those affecting the tongue, tonsils, palate, and pharynx, have been on the rise, particularly in people younger than 45 years old. Research from the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit has revealed a 60 percent increase in these cancers in recent years.
The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 36,000 people in the U.S. are diagnosed with oral cavity (oropharyngeal) cancer every year, and more than 6,000 people die from these diseases. These cancers are more common in men, with men having more than twice the risk of women. Oropharyngeal cancers are about equally common in African-Americans and Caucasians.
The Connection to HPV
The growing incidence of oropharyngeal cancer has been widely attributed to the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, leading to an increase in the transmission of high-risk HPV. This contagious virus is most commonly transmitted through sexual contact. According to research by Farzan Siddiqui, anyone who has ever had sex may be at risk of developing this type of cancer.
It’s important to note that not all people who are infected with HPV will develop cancer, but it does increase the risk significantly. Furthermore, several strains of HPV can cause cancer; these strains are referred to as “high risk” HPV.
Signs and Symptoms
The American Society of Clinical Oncology outlines the following common signs of oropharyngeal cancer:
- Persistent sore on your mouth or lip that refuses to heal
- Sore throat that won’t go away
- Jaw pain and ear pain
- Lump on your mouth, lip, neck, or throat
- Thickening of your cheek
- Chronic bad breath
If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to have them evaluated by an experienced healthcare practitioner.
Reducing the Risk
While it’s essential to be aware of these warning signs, there are also steps individuals can take to reduce their risk of developing oropharyngeal cancer. Here are some actions to consider:
- HPV vaccination: The HPV vaccine can protect against the high-risk strains of the virus that are responsible for most HPV-related cancers. The vaccine is usually given to pre-teens, but it can be administered up to the age of 26 in some cases.
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Quit smoking: Smoking is a significant risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer, as well as many other types of cancer. Quitting smoking, or never starting in the first place, can greatly reduce the risk of developing this deadly disease.
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Limit alcohol consumption: Heavy alcohol use is another contributing factor in the development of oropharyngeal cancer. Moderating alcohol consumption is an essential step in reducing the risk.
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Practice safe sex: Because HPV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, practicing safe sex and limiting the number of sexual partners can reduce the risk of contracting the virus.
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Maintain good oral hygiene: Brushing and flossing regularly is an important aspect of overall health and can help to limit the growth of harmful bacteria that could contribute to the development of oral cancers.
In conclusion, the rapid increase in oropharyngeal cancers should be taken seriously, particularly among younger individuals. By being educated about the symptoms and risk factors associated with these cancers and taking the appropriate preventative measures, you can minimize your risk and maintain better overall health. Remember, if you experience any persistent or unusual symptoms, consult with an experienced healthcare practitioner right away.
