Do you know that some blood pressure medications can potentially increase the risk of cancer? Specifically, calcium-channel blockers, which are commonly prescribed, have been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer in women who take them for more than 10 years. The findings come from research conducted at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle. Let’s take a closer look at these medications, the risk they may pose, and alternative options so you can make informed decisions about your health.
What Are Calcium-Channel Blockers?
Calcium-channel blockers are a type of medication that treat hypertension, or high blood pressure, by relaxing blood vessels and slowing down the heart rate. This action allows blood to flow more easily through the vessels, reducing pressure on the arterial walls. They work by preventing the entry of calcium ions into the cells, as the presence of calcium can promote muscle contraction and lead to the constriction of blood vessels. Some common calcium-channel blockers include amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine, and verapamil.
The Link Between Calcium-Channel Blockers and Cancer
The research shows that long-term use of calcium-channel blockers is associated with a higher risk of both ductal breast cancer and lobular breast cancer. This increased risk is present regardless of the specific type of calcium-channel blocker used, whether it’s a short-acting or long-acting form, or whether it belongs to the dihydropyridine or non-dihydropyridine class.
It is important to note that this increased risk has only been observed in women who have taken these medications for 10 years or more. The reason for the increased instances of cancer among these users is still not well understood, and more research is needed to provide concrete evidence. However, it is important for long-term users of calcium-channel blockers to be aware of this potential risk.
Alternatives to Calcium-Channel Blockers
Thankfully, calcium-channel blockers are not the only option for managing high blood pressure. If you have concerns about the long-term use of these medications, consider discussing alternative options with your healthcare provider. Other types of antihypertensive medications, such as diuretics, β-blockers, and angiotensin II antagonists, have not been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, according to the same study.
Diuretics, or “water pills,” help reduce blood pressure by promoting the elimination of excess sodium and water through urination. β-blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline, which in turn helps to lower blood pressure. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) block the effects of a hormone that causes blood vessels to constrict, thus helping to lower blood pressure.
Lifestyle Changes for Lowering Blood Pressure
In addition to medications, healthy lifestyle changes can play a significant role in managing high blood pressure. Some of these changes include:
- Eating a healthier diet, such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, which emphasizes whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean protein sources while limiting sodium consumption.
- Regular physical activity, as exercising for just 30 minutes a day can lower blood pressure by 4-9 mm Hg.
- Maintaining a healthy weight or losing weight if necessary. It is estimated that losing just 10 pounds can lower blood pressure by up to 8 mm Hg.
- Limiting alcohol and caffeine intake.
- Quitting smoking, as nicotine can raise blood pressure for a short period after use.
- Reducing stress levels and implementing stress-management techniques, such as mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, or practicing hobbies that bring relaxation and joy.
The Bottom Line
While the link between long-term use of calcium-channel blockers and an increased risk of breast cancer is a cause for concern, it does not mean that everyone who takes these medications will develop cancer. Women who have used calcium-channel blockers for a long period should be proactive about their breast health and undergo regular breast cancer screenings, as recommended by their healthcare provider.
It is also crucial to discuss any concerns about calcium-channel blockers with your healthcare provider, who will take into account your overall health and risk factors before making a decision on what treatment options are best for you. Additionally, implementing healthy lifestyle choices can provide natural ways to reduce blood pressure and improve overall health.
