Breast cancer incidences in younger women (under the age of 40) are increasing. In an attempt to decrease their risk of the disease, many of these women are unknowingly making a serious medical mistake that can lead to disfigurement. Researchers at the Dana-Farber Institute in Boston found that numerous young women with cancer in only one breast are unnecessarily having their healthy breast surgically removed. The procedure, known as contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM), offers little benefit to the patients’ chances of surviving their cancer.
A Growing Trend Among Younger Women
Shoshana Rosenberg, a researcher at the Dana-Farber Institute, states, “An increasing percentage of women treated for early-stage breast cancer are choosing to have CPM. The trend is particularly notable among younger women.” The problem is that for women without a specific gene that increases their risk of having cancer in both breasts, the risk of developing cancer in the second breast after cancer in the first one is relatively low, only between 2 and 4%.
Rosenberg points out that it is crucial for doctors to communicate the risks and benefits of CPM effectively to women and ensure that they make informed decisions based on an accurate understanding of the pros and cons of the procedure. Additionally, creating a setting where anxiety and concerns can be addressed plays a significant role in the decision-making process.
Understanding the Risk Factors
Many factors can contribute to a woman’s risk of developing breast cancer. These factors include having a family history of breast cancer, carrying the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene, lifestyle, and overweightness. While not all factors can be controlled, some steps can be taken to reduce the risk or increase early detection. For those with an increased family risk, genetic testing and counseling could provide more insight, leading to more informed decisions about treatment options.
Importance of Regular Screenings
To increase the chances of identifying breast cancer in its early stages, regular screenings become essential. Mammograms are the most common form of testing, but other screening methods include breast MRI, ultrasound, or clinical breast exams. The American Cancer Society (ACS) advises that women age 40 and older should have an annual mammogram. However, women at a higher risk may need to begin screenings earlier and opt for more frequent check-ups.
Making Informed Decisions
For those diagnosed with breast cancer or those with a higher risk, several treatment and prevention options can be explored. For those who have tested positive for the BRCA gene, prophylactic mastectomies may be beneficial in reducing the risk of developing breast cancer. However, for women without the gene or those who already have cancer in one breast, CPM might not be the best option. Therefore, it is essential to explore your options thoroughly and ask your healthcare provider the right questions before making a decision.
Alternative Treatments and Preventive Methods
Preventive measures, such as maintaining a healthy lifestyle and reducing exposure to estrogen, can play a vital role in reducing one’s breast cancer risk. For women who have been diagnosed with cancer in one breast, alternative treatments to CPM may be more appropriate. These options could include lumpectomy (removal of only the cancerous tissue), radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy.
Support During the Cancer Journey
It is common for anxiety and stress levels to be heightened during the process of diagnosing and treating breast cancer. A strong support system can make a world of difference for women on this journey. Family, friends, and online support groups can provide a platform for sharing feelings and experiences, offering resources, and helping make informed decisions. Cancer care teams and counseling professionals can provide additional support when needed, including addressing the emotional impact that the disease may have on a patient’s life.
A Holistic Approach to Cancer Care
Taking a holistic approach to cancer care, including considering the emotional, mental, and physical aspects of the patient, can significantly influence the decision-making process. Healthcare providers must understand the patient’s unique needs, preferences, and perspectives and provide them with accurate and understandable information about the risks and benefits of the available treatment options.
In conclusion, it is essential to recognize the increasing trend of younger women undergoing unnecessary CPM procedures and acknowledge the importance of making informed decisions about treating breast cancer. Understanding the risk factors, getting regularly screened, and exploring alternative treatments and preventive methods can help prevent invasive and potentially disfiguring surgeries. Lastly, ensuring open communication and support between healthcare providers and patients, as well as taking a holistic approach to cancer care, can increase the likelihood of making the best decision for each individual.
